Journal: Antioxidants

Article Title: Taurine Attenuates Disuse Muscle Atrophy Through Modulation of the xCT-GSH-GPX4 and AMPK-ACC-ACSL4 Pathways

doi: 10.3390/antiox14070847

Figure Lengend Snippet: Taurine inhibits ferroptosis in the gastrocnemius muscle of DMA mice. ( A ) Immuno-histochemical staining for COX2 (blue arrows), a marker of lipid peroxidation, showing increased expression in DMA mice, which was significantly reduced by taurine treatment. Scale bar: 100 μm. Total magnification: 200×. ( B ) MDA levels, a key marker of lipid peroxidation, showing a significant increase in DMA mice and a marked reduction after taurine supplementation (biological replicates, n = 4). ( C ) Iron accumulation in the gastrocnemius muscle of DMA nice, a characteristic feature of ferroptosis, was significantly increased in DMA mice and attenuated by taurine treatment (biological replicates, n = 4). ( D ) Total GSH level was significantly decreased in the gastrocnemius muscle of DMA mice and increased by taurine treatment (biological replicates, n = 9). ( E – G ) Western blot analysis ( E ) and grayscale analysis of NRF2 ( F ) and xCT ( G ). The expression of NRF2 and xCT was significantly reduced in DMA mice, whereas taurine treatment restored their levels (biological replicates, n = 3). ( H , I ) Western blot analysis ( H ) and grayscale analysis of GPX4 ( I ), the key regulators in the ferroptosis defense system. The expression of GPX4 was significantly reduced in DMA mice, whereas taurine treatment restored their levels (biological replicates, n = 3). ( J ) The enzymatic activity of GPx showed that DMA resulted in decreased GPx activity, whereas taurine improved it (biological replicates, n = 4). Data are expressed as mean ± SEM and analyzed using one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s post hoc test. Statistical significance: * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001 vs. DMA.

Article Snippet: For immunohistochemistry, COX2 antibody was used at 1:200 dilution (HY- P80090 , MedChemExpress, Shanghai, China).

Techniques: Staining, Marker, Expressing, Western Blot, Activity Assay

Journal: Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)

Article Title: Inhibition of Oxidative Stress and ALOX12 and NF-κB Pathways Contribute to the Protective Effect of Baicalein on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Acute Liver Injury.

doi: 10.3390/antiox10060976

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 2. Protein expression levels involved ferroptosis were detected in the liver tissues of mice challenged with CCl4. (A) Protein expression levels of ALOX12, HO-1, COX-2, p21 and Nrf2 at 6 and 24 h identified by Western blotting analysis of liver tissues of mice treated with CCl4; the quantitative analysis is showed in (B) (n = 4). 6 h vs. ctrl, * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01; 24 h vs. ctrl, # p < 0.05, ## p < 0.01. Ctrl: control.

Article Snippet: The following primary antibodies were used to probe the membranes: primary rabbit antibodies against p21 (1:1000), COX2 (1:1000), Nrf2 (1:1000), and HO-1 (1:1000) (ProteinTech Group, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA), mouse monoclonal antibody against ALOX12 (1:1000) (Abcam, Cabridge, MA, USA) and β-actin (1:1000) (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, USA).

Techniques: Expressing, Western Blot, Control

Journal: Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland)

Article Title: Inhibition of Oxidative Stress and ALOX12 and NF-κB Pathways Contribute to the Protective Effect of Baicalein on Carbon Tetrachloride-Induced Acute Liver Injury.

doi: 10.3390/antiox10060976

Figure Lengend Snippet: Figure 6. Effects of baicalein supplementation on apoptotic pathway in the liver tissues of mice challenged with CCl4. (A) Representative TUNEL-stained sections showing apoptosis in the liver tissue of mice. (B) Quantitative analysis of TUNEL positive rates (n = 4). (C,D) Activities of (C) caspases-3 and -9 (D) (n = 6). (E) The relative expression of Bax, GADD45a and p21 mRNAs in the liver tissues (n = 5). ** p < 0.01, compared to the control group; # p < 0.05 or ## p < 0.01, compared to the CCl4 only group. Bar = 100 µm. Bai: baicalein.

Article Snippet: The following primary antibodies were used to probe the membranes: primary rabbit antibodies against p21 (1:1000), COX2 (1:1000), Nrf2 (1:1000), and HO-1 (1:1000) (ProteinTech Group, Inc., Chicago, IL, USA), mouse monoclonal antibody against ALOX12 (1:1000) (Abcam, Cabridge, MA, USA) and β-actin (1:1000) (Santa Cruz Biotechnology, Dallas, TX, USA).

Techniques: TUNEL Assay, Staining, Expressing, Control